Cromolyn sodium and nedocromil sodium are inhaled agents that are alternatives to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the management of mild persistent asthma in children. Both drugs have been shown to possess anti inflammatory properties through nonsteroidal mechanisms, although the exact mechanisms for their actions remain unclear. (more…)
Roflumilast is an oral, once-daily PDE4 inhibitor with antiinflammatory activity in development for the treatment of asthma. Ro ...
Two long-acting ß 2 -adrenergic agonists (LABAs), salmeterol and formoterol, have been demonstrated to be safe and effective ag ...
Exercise-induced asthma is a feeling of shortness of breath, with the presence of cough, wheezing, and chest tightness after physic ...
Maintenance of asthma control by once-daily inhaled ciclesonide nasal spray in adults with persistent asthma. Ciclesonide is an ...
Up to 85% of asthmatics patients have symptoms of wheezing during or after exercise. Moreover, many patients diagnosed with all ...
Current internationally recognized guidelines indicate that symptomatic asthmatics using a low to medium inhaled corticosteroid dose (400–800 µg/day of beclomethasone or equivalent) alone should preferentially be commenced on a long-acting agonist ß2 prior to an leukotriene receptor antagonists LTRA (British guideline on the management of asthma 2003; GINA Workshop Report 2004). However, two recent large trials have performed head to-head comparisons of add-on long-acting ß2 agonist versus LTRA as therapeutic adjuncts to inhaled corticosteroids, using exacerbation frequency (rather than lung function and symptoms) as the primary end point. (more…)
Leukotrienes can be found in the airway and urine following both spontaneous exacerbations of asthma and acute exposure to bron ...
Despite optimum drug delivery and good compliance with inhaled corticosteroids, many patients experience symptoms and exacerbat ...
Two long-acting ß 2 -adrenergic agonists (LABAs), salmeterol and formoterol, have been demonstrated to be safe and effective ag ...
Treating allergic rhinitis may have a downstream effect on concomitant asthma and this may be due to attenuation of the underlying ...
Regular use of ß-agonists has been known to lead to tolerance to their bronchodilator effects. It is not known how quickly toleranc ...
Patients with severe persistent asthma who are inadequately controlled despite Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2002 step 4 therapy are a challenging population with a significant unmet medical need. In patients with inadequately controlled severe persistent asthma despite high-dose inhaled corticosteroid and LABA therapy, and often additional therapy, omalizumab significantly reduced the rate of clinically significant asthma exacerbations, severe exacerbations and emergency visits. (more…)
Anti-IgE therapy could be particularly beneficial for patients with concomitant asthma and rhinitis as it targets a common fact ...
The guidelines for asthma management recommend the use of regular inhaled corticosteroid in patients with mild persistent asthma, b ...
For most patients, asthma is not controlled as defined by guidelines; whether this is achievable has not been prospectively stu ...
IgE plays an important role in allergic asthma. Reducing IgE in the airway mucosa should reduce airway inflammation. Omalizumab has ...
This study was similar to the study of Harrison and colleagues, which looked at doubling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid dur ...
The guidelines for asthma management recommend the use of regular inhaled corticosteroid in patients with mild persistent asthma, but in clinical practice it has been observed that patients often do not feel the need to use their inhaled corticosteroid regularly, which may lead to poor compliance. One possible reason is that because there are no symptoms the patients are not reminded to use their medications. Hence, the use of intermittent inhaled corticosteroid during worsening of asthma may be an option that could be considered in these subgroups of asthmatics. (more…)
This study was similar to the study of Harrison and colleagues, which looked at doubling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid dur ...
Patients with severe persistent asthma who are inadequately controlled despite Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2002 step 4 ther ...
Despite optimum drug delivery and good compliance with inhaled corticosteroids, many patients experience symptoms and exacerbat ...
The management of asthma in the community involves patient education to avoid the triggers, doubling the dose of inhaled steroi ...
Maintenance of asthma control by once-daily inhaled ciclesonide nasal spray in adults with persistent asthma. Ciclesonide is an ...
A paradigm of immune development underlies allergy development and progression in early childhood. Briefly, the immune system of the fetus is maintained in a tolerogenic state, preventing adverse immune responses and rejection between the mother and fetus. Placental interleukin-10 (IL-10) suppresses the production of immune-potentiating inter-feron gamma (IFN-y) by fetal immune cells. IFN-y downregulates the production of pro-allergic cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-13. (more…)
In the Tucson CRS study, about 50% of young children experienced a period of recurrent wheezing and/or coughing in the first 6 ...
Treatment with omalizumab has been shown to reduce serum free IgE concentrations and to have beneficial effects on allergic airway ...
The precise mechanisms underlying the effects of Specific Immunotherapy are not well understood but several studies have shown ...
Recently, UK Department of Health has circulated advice aimed at reducing the development of peanut allergy. The advice, base ...
Exposure and allergic sensitization to cockroach was associated with a significantly greater risk of asthma hospitalization and ...
Natural history studies with the following design features provide a firm epidemiologic foundation for risk factor assessments and etiologic hypotheses:
(1) long-term cohort studies of a prospective design minimize biases resulting from poor parental recall;
(2) multiple evaluations over time provide important checkpoints during the dynamic period of childhood growth and development; and
(3) the inclusion of objective disease measurements strengthens these studies by validating subjective disease assessments (i.e. questionnaire data). (more…)
Atopic Dermatitis is considered to be one of the first manifestations in the atopic march. The aim of this study was to investi ...
In the Tucson CRS study, about 50% of young children experienced a period of recurrent wheezing and/or coughing in the first 6 ...
There is much controversy as to the role of allergen exposure for the development of atopic sensitization towards this allergen. Wh ...
Sensitization to pets remains a risk factor for asthma and rhinitis, and can occur in people who have never lived with a pet. S ...
Avoidance of any one of the individual risk factors associated with childhood asthma has not been successful in preventing its deve ...
In the Tucson CRS study, about 50% of young children experienced a period of recurrent wheezing and/or coughing in the first 6 years of life. These early-childhood wheezers were further subdivided into (1) ’transient early wheezers,’ with wheezing only <3 years; (2) ‘persistent wheezers,’ with manifestations through the first 6 years; and (3) ‘late-onset wheezers,’ with manifestations only after 3 years. Transient wheezers comprised the largest proportion of the group at 20%; persistent and late-onset wheezers made up slightly smaller proportions (14% and 15%, respectively). (more…)
More severe asthma can persist from childhood into adulthood without remission. Another important tendency in the natural histo ...
It is clear from the results of large epidemiologic studies that while atopy is a major risk factor for asthma, it is usually n ...
Natural history studies with the following design features provide a firm epidemiologic foundation for risk factor assessments and ...
Atopic Dermatitis is considered to be one of the first manifestations in the atopic march. The aim of this study was to investi ...
The authors investigated whether environmental control during pregnancy and early life affects sensitization and lung function at t ...
It is clear from the results of large epidemiologic studies that while atopy is a major risk factor for asthma, it is usually not sufficient by itself to drive the disease process to chronicity, as less than 25% of atopics develop persistent asthma. The situation in childhood is further complicated by an additional series of development factors, related to postnatal maturation of respiratory function. (more…)
In the Tucson CRS study, about 50% of young children experienced a period of recurrent wheezing and/or coughing in the first 6 ...
Natural history studies with the following design features provide a firm epidemiologic foundation for risk factor assessments and ...
Atopic Dermatitis is considered to be one of the first manifestations in the atopic march. The aim of this study was to investi ...
Asthma is a complex syndrome rather than a single disease entity. Different phenotypes with varying prognosis and determinants have ...
More severe asthma can persist from childhood into adulthood without remission. Another important tendency in the natural histo ...
Roflumilast is an oral, once-daily PDE4 inhibitor with antiinflammatory activity in development for the treatment of asthma. Roflumilast was compared with inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate in patients with asthma.
Once-daily, oral roflumilast 500 µg was comparable with inhaled twice-daily beclomethasone dipropionate (400 µg/day) in improving pulmonary function and asthma symptoms, and reducing the use of rescue medication in patients with asthma. (more…)
Treating allergic rhinitis may have a downstream effect on concomitant asthma and this may be due to attenuation of the underlying ...
Roflumilast is an oral, once-daily inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) that prevents the breakdown of cyclic adenosine ...
Despite optimum drug delivery and good compliance with inhaled corticosteroids, many patients experience symptoms and exacerbat ...
The guidelines for asthma management recommend the use of regular inhaled corticosteroid in patients with mild persistent asthma, b ...
For most patients, asthma is not controlled as defined by guidelines; whether this is achievable has not been prospectively stu ...