Primary Immunodeficiencies: Antibody Deficiency and Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy

Primary immunodeficiencies occur with a frequency approaching that of cystic fibrosis (1:2500 live births). However, because they are perceived to be very rare and usually present with common infections, they are under-diagnosed. Often the diagnosis is not considered until substantial end-organ damage has occurred, by which time definitive treatment is only partially successful in preventing further infections. (more…)

Antibodies and the Immune Response - Human Immune System

antibodies immune response

B cells

The main function of B cells is to produce antibodies. Antibodies are complex molecules produced by the immune system in response to antigens. As mentioned previously, antigens are foreign proteins or glycoproteins (a sugar linked to a protein) that trigger the immune response. Every living cell produces several different proteins, each unique to its own cell type and species. The antibody produced against the antigen is entirely specific to that antigen. (more…)

Serum Sickness Syndrome Reaction

serum sickness syndrome
Serum sickness syndrome was first recognized in the pre antibiotic era when heterologous antiserum was used as passive immunization for treatment of a number of infectious and toxic illnesses. Today, specific serum therapy with heterologous (usually equine) serum or gamma globulin is restricted to passive immunization for a very few toxic diseases and the use of antilymphocyte (ALG) or antithymocyte (ATG) globulin for immunosuppressive therapy. This is not applicable to active immunization. (more…)

Antibodies and the Immune Response

Antibodies which are also known as immunoglobulin are found in our blood and other bodily fluids. Antibodies are used as a mechanism by natural immune system to identify, counteract, and neutralize foreign objects which are entered our body. B Cells is the first cell reacted when foreign objects entered our body and triggered the first alarming mode of immune system. It then try to recognize it and subsequently will proceed in the antibody production. There are five different types of antibody produced: IgA, IgG,IgM, IgE and IgD. Bellow we will discuss B Cells in antibody production process and three of the most prominent antibodies: IgA, IgM, and IgG.

B Cells in Antibody Production Process

B cells main function is in the process of antibody production. As you probably know, antibodies are complex structured molecules as result of body immune systems in response to antigens which are entered our body. Antigens are foreign subtracted objects which are mainly (more…)

How Immune System Works - Antigen Antibody Reaction

immune system body protection
Immune system is your body’s defense mechanism to protect from infectious organism and other living object invaded your body. The body reacts through several cellular immune response, and immune system attacks those foreign objects which may cause disease. Immune system consisted of network cells, skins, tissue and organs which work closely to protect body. How immune system works?

Immune system is so important for us to survive since we are surrounded by virus, fungus, parasite and bacteria which always trying to break into our body. (more…)