The immune system consists of proteins, cells and organs that are concerned with defense of the individual, primarily against the threat of disease caused by infectious organisms. An infectious organism that causes disease is called a pathogen and the individual (person or animal) that is infected by a pathogen is called the host. Not all infectious organisms cause disease and some are actually beneficial, for example bacteria living in the gut help to digest certain foods. Infectious organisms that help the host are called commensalism organisms. (more…)
The final stage of the disease process (although it may not be the final stage of the infection) is the actual production of di ...
There are thousands of components to the immune system, and during the course of learning about some of these it can appear tha ...
Serodiagnosis of bacterial diseases is of value only in specific circumstances. IgG antibody is long-lived, and its presence, a ...
Routes by which infectious organisms gain entry into the body include the skin, respiratory tract, gastro-intestinal (GI) tract ...
Allergic Reactions For daily life, of course we need our immune system. Without having immune system, we could not survive ...
A paradigm of immune development underlies allergy development and progression in early childhood. Briefly, the immune system of the fetus is maintained in a tolerogenic state, preventing adverse immune responses and rejection between the mother and fetus. Placental interleukin-10 (IL-10) suppresses the production of immune-potentiating inter-feron gamma (IFN-y) by fetal immune cells. IFN-y downregulates the production of pro-allergic cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-13. (more…)
In the Tucson CRS study, about 50% of young children experienced a period of recurrent wheezing and/or coughing in the first 6 ...
Treatment with omalizumab has been shown to reduce serum free IgE concentrations and to have beneficial effects on allergic airway ...
The precise mechanisms underlying the effects of Specific Immunotherapy are not well understood but several studies have shown ...
Recently, UK Department of Health has circulated advice aimed at reducing the development of peanut allergy. The advice, base ...
Exposure and allergic sensitization to cockroach was associated with a significantly greater risk of asthma hospitalization and ...
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the skin which usually starts in infancy. It is sometimes called ‘atopic eczema’ or even simply ‘eczema’. Recently, the term ‘atopic eczema dermatitis syndrome’ or eczema symptoms or infantile eczema has also been proposed to indicate the varied nature of this disease. The diagnosis is based on clinical features of a chronic itchy dermatitis with typical morphology and distribution and a relapsing and remitting course. (more…)
Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic relapsing skin disease. Several investigations concerning the long-term prognosis of Atopic Derm ...
Atopic Dermatitis is considered to be one of the first manifestations in the atopic march. The aim of this study was to investi ...
The prevalence of atopic dermatitis is increasing in Western societies. The hygiene hypothesis proposes that this is due to red ...
The pharmacokinetics of pimecrolimus cream 1% and tacrolimus ointment 0.1% in adults with extensive, moderate to severe atopic ...
Topical corticosteroids are the usual therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis, but prolonged use can result in skin atrophy ...
There is much controversy as to the role of allergen exposure for the development of atopic sensitization towards this allergen. While in some studies, a clear, almost linear dose-response relation between allergen exposure and sensitization has been found, others described a bell-shaped association with higher levels of exposures relating to lower rates of atopic sensitization. Part of the discrepancy may relate to the type of allergen, since mostly cat but not house dust mite allergy allergen exposure has been shown, in some studies, to exert protective effects at higher levels of exposure. (more…)
Natural history studies with the following design features provide a firm epidemiologic foundation for risk factor assessments and ...
The effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on children have been extensively studied and numerous surveys hav ...
Two factors thought to influence the risk factor asthma are the promoting effect of sensitization to house dust mites and the preve ...
Allergen exposure plays a role in the development of asthma bronchial hyper-responsiveness and in the acute inflammatory response ...
Sensitization to pets remains a risk factor for asthma and rhinitis, and can occur in people who have never lived with a pet. S ...
Cow’s milk is the most frequently encountered food allergen in infancy, and milk allergy is often the earliest indicator that a baby is atopic. Precise figures of the incidence of cow’s milk allergy (CMA) are hard to find because of the difficulties in obtaining an accurate diagnosis, differences in the populations used for research studies, and disagreement about the symptoms (clinical criteria) for the condition. (more…)
Cow’s milk is the most frequently encountered food allergen in infancy, and milk allergy is often the earliest indicator that ...
Cow’s milk allergy results when antibodies against milk allergens are produced by the immune system. Milk allergens are p ...
How frequently do you drink milk everyday or every week? Feel something strange after you drink your last milk? Perhaps you don ...
If the breast-fed baby is lactose intolerant (usually a temporary condition following intestinal infection at this age), moth ...
Over the last 5 years some studies have suggested that the atopy patch test (APT) may be a useful test in atopic dermatitis childre ...
Our current knowledge for trigger factor and food allergy intolerance is still in it infancy level. We already known that the allergic intolerance are different for groups of people. Some individuals are less resistant in developing allergy than others. Allergic sensitivity or atopic allergic disease are heritable and this means that genetic factors is playing a critical role. But the latest researches reveal that it is not merely heredity factors, environmental also have significant impact for someone to develop allergy.
Allergy trigger in the form of food allergen are mostly fallen to some certain foods like milk, egg, peanuts, fish, soya and nuts. We are curios on what is so peculiar about allergens in food? (more…)
Hay fever affects millions of people around the world every year. And one of the most common and prolific triggers is grass pol ...
Having a food intolerance test is becoming increasingly popular nowadays. This is because the symptoms of indigestion, stomach ...
It is common to find anti-food IgG antibodies circulating in blood, even in people who have no signs or history of adverse reac ...
Many people are under impression that allergy and asthma disease had genetic or heredity factors playing major role as medium o ...
Children in the early of their life is prone to allergy because their body immune system is not developed completely. As a matter o ...
Childhood is the period of life when allergies to food are most prevalent. Food allergy is much more common in babies and young children than in adults. Most food allergies are outgrown by the age of five years. Food allergy in adults is relatively uncommon. Estimates of food allergy in adults indicate an incidence of less than 2 %. (more…)
A cross-sectional, descriptive, questionnaire-based survey was conducted in schools in Toulouse, France, to determine the preva ...
Many people will tell you that they have a food allergy; in fact in today's society it is considered to be trendy, with celebri ...
Cow’s milk is the most frequently encountered food allergen in infancy, and milk allergy is often the earliest indicator that a ...
Many children are living with asthma. Asthma is a lung disease because the constriction of small airways (bronchioles). When th ...
Cow’s milk is the most frequently encountered food allergen in infancy, and milk allergy is often the earliest indicator that ...