Although it is commonly imagined that hematopoiesis takes place in a liquid environment resembling the blood, with progenitors responding mainly to soluble hormone-like cytokines, this is in fact not the case at all. It is much more accurate to think of the bone marrow as a solid tissue in which different types of hematopoietic cells develop in physically different locations. These microenvironments are visible in histologic sections of bone marrow, which reveal a patchwork of microscopic foci, each devoted to the production of a particular cell type (Figure bellow). The bone marrow microenvironment is set up and maintained by bone marrow stromal cells. Within each microenvironment, contact of cells with one another or with proteins and other substances that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM) greatly facilitates cell division and differentiation. (more…)
Our understanding of hematopoiesis has advanced greatly in recent years with the isolation and characterization of hematopoietic st ...
The process by which blood cells grow, divide, and differentiate in the bone marrow is called hematopoiesis. Three general cl ...
The Ras-dependent pathway can be triggered by a variety of cytokine receptors, as well as by certain adhesion molecules and by ...
Neutrophils make up an army of more-or-less identical circulating phagocytes that are poised to respond quickly and in vast numbers ...
Cells participating in the cellular immune response are organized into discrete associated lymphoid tissues and organs which are ...
AP-1 is an inducible transcription factor that binds to promoter or enhancer regions of many cytokine genes, often in close association with the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT). AP-1 is composed of c-fos and c-jun or c-jun/c-jun homodimers. AP-1 binding has been demonstrated as obligatory for NF-AT-mediated cytokine gene acti- vation in many cases. The signal transduction pathway responsible for AP-1 activation involves jun and p38 kinase-activated protein kinase). (more…)
The overlapping functions of cytokines largely reflect the properties of the cell surface receptors to which they bind. All cyt ...
Perhaps the most exciting recent advance in the cytokine signaling field has been the elucidation of the Jak/Stat pathway. The ...
The Ras-dependent pathway can be triggered by a variety of cytokine receptors, as well as by certain adhesion molecules and by ...
The T-bet (T-box 21) gene (TBX21) encodes a transcription factor, T-box expressed in T cells, which has been implicated in asthma t ...
A previous genome-wide screen for mite-sensitive atopic dermatitis asthma in Japanese families indicated linkage to chromosome 5q33 ...
Discovering natural treatment for allergies is still the main goal for a growing number of people suffering from allergies. At the moment, most of them are depend heavily on allergy pills and allergy drugs. More than often the side effect of this allergy medication are causing something that are worse than the allergy itself.
Allergies occur due to continuously exposure to allergens. (more…)
Sinusitis is one inconvenience disease condition that many people had. Many drugs and antibiotics that are prescribed by your docto ...
If you have a mold allergy, gluten allergy, or had any other type of allergy, then you need to learn natural allergy treatments ...
Allergens are the trigger for human body allergic reaction. It is one of human immunological process to react for invader subst ...
Many medicines that are common and consumed by us everyday was discovered in its natural state. It then process and then synthe ...
Allergies can be defined as inappropriate immune system reactions to a foreign substance entering body. Allergies are kind of disea ...