Two long-acting ß 2 -adrenergic agonists (LABAs), salmeterol and formoterol, have been demonstrated to be safe and effective agents in children, both in terms of bronchodilation and prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm. Their onsets of action differ, with formoterol having an onset similar to albuterol (3 minutes), while salmeterol has a slower onset of action (10–20 minutes). Following a single-dose administration, both agents demonstrate durations of action up to 12 hours. Following regular twice-daily administration, bronchodilation remains effective; however, a level of tolerance (or tachyphylaxis) (more…)
For most patients, asthma is not controlled as defined by guidelines; whether this is achievable has not been prospectively stu ...
This study evaluated budesonide formoterol efficacy and safety of a novel asthma management strategy for both maintenance and s ...
Asthma control is improved by combining inhaled corticosteroids with long acting beta-agonists but patients still require relie ...
Regular use of ß-agonists has been known to lead to tolerance to their bronchodilator effects. It is not known how quickly toleranc ...
Current internationally recognized guidelines indicate that symptomatic asthmatics using a low to medium inhaled corticosteroid ...
Cromolyn sodium and nedocromil sodium are inhaled agents that are alternatives to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the management of mild persistent asthma in children. Both drugs have been shown to possess anti inflammatory properties through nonsteroidal mechanisms, although the exact mechanisms for their actions remain unclear. (more…)
Roflumilast is an oral, once-daily PDE4 inhibitor with antiinflammatory activity in development for the treatment of asthma. Ro ...
Two long-acting ß 2 -adrenergic agonists (LABAs), salmeterol and formoterol, have been demonstrated to be safe and effective ag ...
Exercise-induced asthma is a feeling of shortness of breath, with the presence of cough, wheezing, and chest tightness after physic ...
Maintenance of asthma control by once-daily inhaled ciclesonide nasal spray in adults with persistent asthma. Ciclesonide is an ...
Up to 85% of asthmatics patients have symptoms of wheezing during or after exercise. Moreover, many patients diagnosed with all ...
Roflumilast is an oral, once-daily inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) that prevents the breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, leading to inhibition of pro-inflammatory signalling. This study investigated the effects of repeated doses of 250 or 500 µg of roflumilast on airway asthma responses to allergen. (more…)
Roflumilast is an oral, once-daily PDE4 inhibitor with antiinflammatory activity in development for the treatment of asthma. Ro ...
Marimastat is a synthetic broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor. This study assessed the anti-inflammatory effect ...
Treating allergic rhinitis may have a downstream effect on concomitant asthma and this may be due to attenuation of the underlying ...
Tumour Necrosis Factor is a pro-inflammatory cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of asthmatic airway inflammation, hyper-react ...
Despite optimum drug delivery and good compliance with inhaled corticosteroids, many patients experience symptoms and exacerbat ...
Regular use of ß-agonists has been known to lead to tolerance to their bronchodilator effects. It is not known how quickly tolerance develops or how long it lasts after stopping ß-agonist therapy.
Bronchodilator tolerance occurs after even a single dose and reaches a maximum after 1 week of regular formoterol. Sensitivity recovers 3 days after stopping treatment. (more…)
This study evaluated budesonide formoterol efficacy and safety of a novel asthma management strategy for both maintenance and s ...
Two long-acting ß 2 -adrenergic agonists (LABAs), salmeterol and formoterol, have been demonstrated to be safe and effective ag ...
Asthma control is improved by combining inhaled corticosteroids with long acting beta-agonists but patients still require relie ...
This study was similar to the study of Harrison and colleagues, which looked at doubling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid dur ...
Current internationally recognized guidelines indicate that symptomatic asthmatics using a low to medium inhaled corticosteroid ...
Asthmatic children who also have Allergic Rhinitis seem to have higher morbidity and to use more healthcare resources. This was further investigated to determine the incremental effect of Allergic Rhinitis on healthcare resource use in children with asthma. The data were from a general practice database in the UK and covered the period 1998–2001. Children aged 6–15 years who had an asthma related visit to their general practitioner at least once during a defined 12 month period were reviewed. (more…)
About twenty percent of patients who have common allergic rhinitis are also having perennial allergic rhinitis symptoms. This f ...
Allergic rhinitis or nasal allergy is a serious disease, but has huge implications for society. A survey of Latin America and that ...
Allergic rhinitis is a high-prevalence disease. This high prevalence translates into a high cost to society in terms of overall ...
Specific immunotherapy has been widely used to treat allergic rhinitis symptoms. As with any other form of specific immunotherapy, ...
Expert GA ² LEN, the Global Network European Allergy and Asthma European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, EAACI, warn th ...
By definition, allergy is a condition where a person has hypersensitivity to an environmental, drug, or food antigen (allergen) caused by an altered or unusual immune system reaction to the antigen.
Allergenic foods can impact the lungs when an allergic reaction individual inhales food particles that may have been released when the food was cooked or that were dispersed in aerosol form. Allergy to the allergens in cooked food has been reported by highly allergic patients who were exposed to their allergenic foods (say, fish, shellfish, or eggs) in an enclosed area (for example, a restaurant dining room) or during meal preparation. Most cases of asthma triggered by aerosolized food allergens involve adults engaged in specific occupations that regularly expose them to the allergens. In contrast, most cases of asthma in children are triggered when the allergen is eaten, not inhaled.
Many experts believe that if a baby can be protected from becoming sensitized to the most highly allergenic foods when their healthy immune system and the digestive tract are in the most vulnerable stage for allergy to develop, the incidence of lifelong food allergy and potentially life-threatening anaphylactic reactions to foods will be reduced and hopefully entirely prevented. When a baby has been identified to be at risk for developing allergy, measures to reduce allergic sensitization might be implemented at birth and the problems associated with future food allergy may be significantly reduced. However, as we shall see in later discussions, experts disagree on the best way to avoid this early allergic sensitization.
The reaction of asthmatics to these chemical compounds is not an allergy, but is more correctly described as allergy intolerance because the initial response is not a triggering of the immune system. The process involves an increase in the level of the inflammatory mediators that are responsible for the bronchospasm of asthma. These mediators include histamine and leukotrienes. They are released during the reaction to an allergen, and cause the muscular contractions that result in the difficulty in breathing and wheezing that are typical of asthma. By inhibiting (or turning off) other types of mediators, the chemicals in the food additives cause an increase in the level of antihistamine and leukotrienes. This results in increased bronchospasm, and a definite worsening of the asthma symptoms.
Oral allergy syndrome is an allergic reaction to food that is confined to the oral cavity (i.e., to the lips, and around the lips, roof of the mouth, tongue, hard and soft palate, and uvula) and adjacent structures. It differs from other food allergy in that its symptoms do not appear in any other location in the body, and always accompany respiratory allergy to inhaled allergens of plants, particularly plant pollens. Of course, symptoms in the mouth, throat, and upper respiratory tract can be part of a generalized reaction to foods, but in this case they are more accurately described as oral allergy symptoms. The term oral allergy syndrome applies specifically to pollen allergy (pollinosis) accompanied by reactions to certain raw foods when they are in direct contact with oral tissues. Individuals with Oral allergy syndrome typically have hay fever symptoms caused by allergies to trees, grasses, and weeds. They experience irritation in the mouth (lips, tongue, roof of the mouth) and sometimes the throat after eating specific types of raw fruits, vegetables, and sometimes nuts.
The oral allergy syndrome is difficult to detect. Common allergy tests to examine allergy are using extracts only in skin scrat ...
Oral allergy syndrome is one form of allergy that body have allergic reaction to fruits and vegetables. Based on statistics fa ...
Many children are living with asthma. Asthma is a lung disease because the constriction of small airways (bronchioles). When th ...
Oral allergy syndrome has been most often reported in people who have respiratory allergy (such as hay fever) to specific plant ...
Childhood is the period of life when allergies to food are most prevalent. Food allergy is much more common in babies and young ...
There are other signs and symptoms of asthma. People with asthma can be feeling irritable because of asthma discomfort. Some signs usually occur before an asthma attack. Asthma is a chronic disease of the lung, which affects respiratory system. Respiratory system is like small tubes that take the air in and out of the lungs. (more…)
The symptoms of asthma occur together with variations in the diameter of medium- size airways such that it is increasingly diff ...
It is widely knowt that pollen, pollution, smoke can trigger an asthma attack. But one interesting thing is exercise can also trigg ...
When seeking information on asthma help, many people first want to know what it is. Then they want to know what is causing them to ...
It is important that you understand what asthma medicine to flare up so that you can treat your asthma. Knowing how to control ...
Asthma is a frightening condition. I have lived with asthma symptoms for 17 years and the thought of an allergy induced asthma atta ...
Exercise-induced asthma is a feeling of shortness of breath, with the presence of cough, wheezing, and chest tightness after physical exercise.
Normally the bronchial tree and bronchial vessels responds to exercise with increasing radius of the interior of the bronchi (bronchodilation), (more…)
A history of cough, dyspnea, wheezing, chest tightness or performance problems during exercise suggests the person may have Exercis ...
We live and train at altitude. I say I'm too tall to have shortness of breath, but at times I do. After a couple of years here ...
Up to 85% of asthmatics patients have symptoms of wheezing during or after exercise. Moreover, many patients diagnosed with all ...
It is widely knowt that pollen, pollution, smoke can trigger an asthma attack. But one interesting thing is exercise can also trigg ...
This article focuses on symptoms of exercise induced asthma. Exercise can be a trigger factor when asthma is not well control ...
It is widely knowt that pollen, pollution, smoke can trigger an asthma attack. But one interesting thing is exercise can also trigger asthma reactions.
Yes, because normally we breathe through the nose, where air is filtered, warmed and moistened. But when we exercise, especially if we are colds, sinusitis or allergic rhinitis have “breathe through the mouth and the air gets colder and drier the lungs and also unfiltered, so it can carry more allergens (more…)
Up to 85% of asthmatics patients have symptoms of wheezing during or after exercise. Moreover, many patients diagnosed with all ...
This article focuses on symptoms of exercise induced asthma. Exercise can be a trigger factor when asthma is not well control ...
A history of cough, dyspnea, wheezing, chest tightness or performance problems during exercise suggests the person may have Exercis ...
Asthma treatment has one main goal to maintain a normal and healthy lifestyle, including exercise and other physical activities. Pe ...
Exercise-induced asthma is a feeling of shortness of breath, with the presence of cough, wheezing, and chest tightness after physic ...
Drug allergy reactions may be classified, at least theoretically, according to one of four implicated immunologic mechanisms, according to the scheme of Gell and Coombs:
Type I Drug Allergy Reactions
Type I reactions are the result of an IgE antibody reaction, which induces immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions. (more…)
Drug allergy and adverse drug reactions are common among many people. Those side affect of consuming drugs affecting an about 3 ...
Patients (and many doctors) frequently use the term ‘allergy’ when referring to any adverse drug reaction, even one that has no fea ...
This study compared the diagnostic value of intradermal tests and patch tests in 20 patients with non-immediate reactions to pe ...
B cells The main function of B cells is to produce antibodies. Antibodies are complex molecules produced by the immune syste ...
Serum sickness syndrome was first recognized in the pre antibiotic era when heterologous antiserum was used as passive immuniza ...