The induction of immune tolerance and specific immune suppression are essential processes in the control of immune responses. Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a central role in immune control in the periphery. Two broad categories of Treg have been described: naturally occurring Treg that are present in all individuals and antigen-induced Treg that secrete inhibitory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-10 and/or transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß. (more…)
Regulatory T cells Treg (picture above) is the existence of suppressor cells, which limit ongoing immune responses and prevent ...
An emerging concept is that pro-inflammatory signals lead to loss of Regulatory T Cells (Treg) function. Pasare and Medzhitov ( ...
Treg cells or regulatory T cells constitute a large population of cellular infiltrate in atopic/allergic inflammation and a dys ...
The intracellular forkhead winged transcription factor Foxp3 (forkhead box P3) appears to be specifically expressed by naturall ...
Allergen-specific immunotherapy is highly effective in the treatment of IgE-mediated allergy diseases such as rhinitis, conjunc ...
Topical corticosteroids are the usual therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis, but prolonged use can result in skin atrophy and other side effects. The long-term safety and efficacy of tacrolimus would prove an attractive alternative. Long-term treatment with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment is significantly more efficacious than a corticosteroid ointment regimen in adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. (more…)
Topical corticosteroids are the usual therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis, but prolonged use can result in skin atrophy ...
The pharmacokinetics of pimecrolimus cream 1% and tacrolimus ointment 0.1% in adults with extensive, moderate to severe atopic ...
Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic relapsing skin disease. Several investigations concerning the long-term prognosis of Atopic Derm ...
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the skin which usually starts in infancy. It is sometimes called ‘atop ...
Atopic Dermatitis is considered to be one of the first manifestations in the atopic march. The aim of this study was to investi ...
Topical corticosteroids are the usual therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis, but prolonged use can result in skin atrophy and other side effects. The long-term safety and efficacy of tacrolimus ointment would prove an attractive alternative. Long-term treatment with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment is significantly more efficacious than a corticosteroid ointment regimen in adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. (more…)
Topical corticosteroids are the usual therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis, but prolonged use can result in skin atrophy ...
The pharmacokinetics of pimecrolimus cream 1% and tacrolimus ointment 0.1% in adults with extensive, moderate to severe atopic ...
Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic relapsing skin disease. Several investigations concerning the long-term prognosis of Atopic Derm ...
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the skin which usually starts in infancy. It is sometimes called ‘atop ...
Atopic Dermatitis is considered to be one of the first manifestations in the atopic march. The aim of this study was to investi ...
The geographical variation in the prevalence of asthma in children does not coincide with variations in air pollution levels. The increase in the prevalence of asthma and allergies seen over the last decades was paralleled by a decrease in emissions of SO2 and particles from coal combustion, and an increase of emissions from motor vehicle traffic. There is a growing number of studies suggesting that increased exposure to traffic exhausts, particularly diesel exhausts, may be a risk factor for the new onset of asthma. (more…)
Asthma is a complex syndrome rather than a single disease entity. Different phenotypes with varying prognosis and determinants have ...
During recent decades there has been extensive epidemiological research to explore the increasing prevalence of asthma and alle ...
Sulfur Dioxide The effects of SO2 have been extensively reviewed. Total emergency room visits for respiratory problems and ...
The effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on children have been extensively studied and numerous surveys hav ...
Atopic Dermatitis is considered to be one of the first manifestations in the atopic march. The aim of this study was to investi ...
The prevalence of atopic dermatitis is increasing in Western societies. The hygiene hypothesis proposes that this is due to reduced exposure to environmental allergens and infections during early life. The authors examined factors associated with a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis at 3.5 years of age, especially those factors implicated by the hygiene hypothesis. The Auckland Birthweight Collaborative study is a case–control study of risk factors for small-for-gestational-age babies. Cases were born at term with birth weight at or below the 10th centile; controls were appropriate for gestational age, with birth weight above the 10th centile. (more…)
Atopic Dermatitis is considered to be one of the first manifestations in the atopic march. The aim of this study was to investi ...
Breast milk contains a variety of bioactive substances, among them soluble CD14 (sCD14), which plays an important role in innat ...
Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic relapsing skin disease. Several investigations concerning the long-term prognosis of Atopic Derm ...
Avoidance of any one of the individual risk factors associated with childhood asthma has not been successful in preventing its deve ...
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the skin which usually starts in infancy. It is sometimes called ‘atop ...
Systemic allergic reactions are a relatively common clinical emergency. In their mildest form, they may just manifest as systemic cutaneous reactions with pruritis, allergy urticaria and angioedema. In more severe cases there are cardiorespiratory symptoms such as stridor, wheeze, difficulty in breathing or hypotension. Anaphylaxis has been defined as a ‘severe, life-threatening generalized or systemic hypersensitivity reaction’. The prevalence of systemic allergic reactions is unclear because of the lack of a clear, consistent definition and large prospective population studies. (more…)
Anaphylactic reactions to Hymenoptera venom are relatively uncommon but can be life-threatening: venom immunotherapy is the treatme ...
Definitions of anaphylaxis vary considerably, impeding the comparison of different clinical studies. Different definitions of a ...
It will be helpful for you to have some understanding of the terms that are currently being used by practitioners in the field ...
The safety of immunotherapy has been a constraint on this form of treatment for allergic disease. Although retrospective survey ...
Families frequently do not use their self-injectable adrenaline device, even when their kids is experiencing a potentially life ...
Although most forms of allergy causes uncomfortable situations, an extreme allergic reaction to an allergen can eventually lead to death. Those who had this kind of allergic reaction that commonly suffers as anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock. This kind of allergy symptoms need immediate treatment.
Please take note there is difference between anaphylactic and anaphylactic shock. (more…)
Egg allergy is likely more of interest to parents, parents who have children that must be vaccinated. This concern is because many ...
Definitions of anaphylaxis vary considerably, impeding the comparison of different clinical studies. Different definitions of a ...
Many people will tell you that they have a food allergy; in fact in today's society it is considered to be trendy, with celebri ...
Allergens are the trigger for human body allergic reaction. It is one of human immunological process to react for invader subst ...
Looking good can be hazardous to your health. There are certain cosmetic products such as makeup, skin cleansers, soap, moisturizer ...
To prevent the development of allergy, allergen avoidance has to be instituted before sensitization has occurred. The specific type of aero allergens may vary depending on the climatic and economic situation. For example, House Dust Mite is the most important allergen in humid climates and pet allergens assume importance in cold countries, while cockroach allergen is the major sensitizing agent in crowded, inner city areas. Several large prospective studies have instituted House Dust Mites avoidance measures during pregnancy, at birth and later in childhood, and assessed children for asthma and allergic manifestations. (more…)
Allergen exposure plays a role in the development of asthma bronchial hyper-responsiveness and in the acute inflammatory response ...
Two factors thought to influence the risk factor asthma are the promoting effect of sensitization to house dust mites and the preve ...
Exposure to allergens plays a role in the development of BHR and in the chronic inflammatory response seen in asthmatic patients. R ...
Asthma attacks can be triggered by a range of items such as second hand smoke, mold spores, pet dander, and pollen. The basic ...
Asthma and allergic diseases are common in both children and adults. Their development depends on an interaction between asthma ...
The production of allergen vaccines imposes a number of constraints on both the selection of source materials and the physicochemical conditions used during the extraction procedure. The process must neither denature the proteins (allergens) nor alter their composition significantly, including the quantitative ratio between the individual components. (more…)
Allergen vaccines are complex mixtures of antigenic components produced by the extraction of naturally occurring source materia ...
Being an immunological disease, the characteristics of allergy are those of specificity and memory. Regardless of whether the c ...
The potency of an allergen vaccine is the total allergen activity (that is, the sum of the contribution to allergenic activity from ...
The quality of an allergen vaccine is a measure of the complexity of the composition, including the concentration of the variou ...
Having determined an adequate potency and complexity in composition, an allergen vaccine may still be deficient in the content of m ...
Definitions of anaphylaxis vary considerably, impeding the comparison of different clinical studies. Different definitions of anaphylaxis have been developed as clinical descriptions of severe allergic reactions, different authors emphasizing different symptoms.
The author aimed to develop a simple clinical grading system and definition for anaphylaxis using clinical data. He retrospectively analyzed 1149 case records (median age 29 years) with systemic allergic reactions (30% venom allergy, 22% iatrogenic allergy, 18% food allergy) from an emergency department in Australia. (more…)
It will be helpful for you to have some understanding of the terms that are currently being used by practitioners in the field ...
Systemic allergic reactions are a relatively common clinical emergency. In their mildest form, they may just manifest as system ...
Families frequently do not use their self-injectable adrenaline device, even when their kids is experiencing a potentially life ...
Although most forms of allergy causes uncomfortable situations, an extreme allergic reaction to an allergen can eventually lead to ...
Anaphylactic reactions to Hymenoptera venom are relatively uncommon but can be life-threatening: venom immunotherapy is the treatme ...